In this application BC547 is used as a switch.BC547 is an NPN transistor when base is high current flows from collector to emitter in transistor hence relay will be activated which in turn, turns the Water Pump motor On.Īs soon as temperature decreases, voltage at pin 3 (positive input) goes down and become less than voltage at pin 2 (-ve input) hence comparator output turns low and hence base of transistor goes low. Voltage at pin 3 becomes larger than voltage at pin 2 hence output of comparator gets High which is provided at base of BC547. When temperature is less than 50 degrees then voltage at pin 3 (positive input) is less than voltage at pin 2 (-ve input) hence comparator output is low.Īs soon as temperature Increases as shown in below mentioned Image. This circuit is used to run Pump motor when temperature reaches 50 degree Celsius. positive temperature coefficient thermistor.Īs temperature increases the the resistance of PTC thermistor also increases. This uses LM324 IC and is based on the principle of PTC thermistor i.e. ⦁ Dual Supplies ☑.5 V to ☑6 Basic Configuration Pin 14 (OUTPUT 4): O/p of the 4th comparator LM324 IC Supply Voltages Pin 13 (INPUT 4-): Inverting i/p of the 4th comparatorġ4. Pin 12 (INPUT 4+): Non-inverting i/p of the 4th comparatorġ3. Pin 11 (GND, VEE): Ground or negative supply voltageġ2. Pin 10 (INPUT 3+): Non-inverting i/p of the 3rd comparatorġ1. Pin 9 (INPUT 3-): Inverting i/p of the 3rd comparatorġ0. Pin 8 (OUTPUT 3): O/p of the 3rd comparatorĩ. Pin 7 (OUTPUT 2-): O/p of the 2nd comparatorĨ. Pin 6 (INPUT 2-): Inverting i/p of the 2nd comparatorħ. Pin 5 (INPUT 2+): Non-inverting i/p of the 2nd comparatorĦ. Pin 3 (INPUT 1+): Non-inverting i/p of the 1st comparatorĥ. Pin 2 (INPUT 1-): Inverting i/p of the 1st comparatorģ. Pin 1 (OUTPUT 1): O/p of the 1st comparatorĢ. In DIP package it consists of 14 pins as shown below :ġ. In OP-AMP comparators when voltage at positive terminal is greater that voltage at negative terminal then voltage is produced at output pin which depends upon Supply voltages. LM 324 IC consists of four independent, high-gain operational amplifiers in comparator Mode.
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